Art installation on the Mexican side of the border fence at Nogales (Photo by Carla Monteiro, MSW 鈥�19)
At the start of the spring semester, as thousands of Central American refugees fled their homes on foot, hoping to start new lives in the United States, 12 MSW students from the Boston College School of Social Work (51茶馆SSW) traveled to the Arizona-Mexico border to learn how social work can address asylum-seekers鈥� urgent and complex needs鈥攂oth at the border and back in Boston.
The students were enrolled in Services to Migrants: A Border Perspective, a 10-day field-based course designed to develop knowledge of the resources that are available to migrants entering the U.S. through Mexico as well as the psychosocial, political, and legal factors affecting their passage. Visiting Professor Maryanne Loughry, R.S.M., chair of the Jesuit Refugee Service Staff Care Advisory Board and a research associate at the Refugee Studies Centre at the University of Oxford, leads the innovative course鈥攑art of 51茶馆SSW鈥檚 strategic aim to focus on global social work and social work with Latinx communities.
鈥淲e want to develop students鈥� systems thinking about the needs of this population,鈥� explains Loughry. 鈥淲hat are the migrants鈥� rights? What are their entitlements? Where does social work fit in? Whether our students go on to work internationally or locally, there is a need to understand the impacts of borders around the world.鈥�
鈥淭he Border Course,鈥� as it鈥檚 known, was started five years ago by Associate Professor Westy Egmont, director of 51茶馆SSW鈥檚 Immigration Integration Lab, and Vice Provost for Global Engagement and former 51茶馆SSW Dean Alberto Godenzi. Egmont invited Loughry to co-teach the course in 2014. This year, Associate Professor of Global Practice Roc铆o Calvo, director of 51茶馆SSW鈥檚 Latinx Leadership Initiative (LLI), and Alejandro Olayo-M茅ndez, S.J., a Mexican native and migration scholar, joined Loughry as course faculty.
The course, says Calvo, emphasizes the psychological effects of all stages of the migration process: 鈥減re-migration,鈥� or the decision to leave one鈥檚 country; the journey to and across the border; and resettlement in a new community. 鈥淭he border is not the endpoint,鈥� she says. 鈥淪ocial workers working with these families are going to encounter the compounded trauma of the immigration journey daily, wherever they practice.
Border Course participants (Photo by Jake Savage, MSW 鈥�20)
Selected from 60 applicants, the students, says Loughry, formed 鈥渁 supportive group of learners through living and working closely together.鈥� After a two-day orientation in Boston, they plunged into a varied and rigorous itinerary in and around Tucson and Nogales, Mexico. As part of the on-the-ground activities in Arizona, they learned about deaths along the migrant trails from the Pima County medical examiner and a forensic anthropologist; attended immigration proceedings at the Pima County Courthouse; and walked a migrant trail. They met with officials from the Tohono O鈥檕dham Nation, a Native American people residing primarily in Arizona and Sonora, Mexico, and with three 51茶馆SSW alumni鈥擪aitlin Porter, MSW 鈥�15, Liz Casey, MSW 鈥�15, and Annalise Parady, MSW 鈥�17鈥攚ho work at the Florence Immigrant and Refugee Rights Project, a nonprofit that offers free legal services to migrants in U.S. immigration custody.
Across the border, the group served meals to migrants in a dining hall in Nogales. They also volunteered with the , an organization that leaves food and water along the routes used by migrants in the Sonoran Desert.
Jake Savage, MSW 鈥�20, an LLI student who has worked in outpatient mental health with Spanish-speaking migrants, found that the course offered a 鈥渂alanced鈥� and 鈥渆ye-opening鈥� exposure to life on the border. 鈥淚t helped me to understand experiences that I had heard about secondhand but had not witnessed,鈥� he says. For example, while returning through the desert with the Samaritans, an ICE agent on a four-wheeler approached and questioned the group鈥攖hey had set off a sensor placed by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security to track migrants鈥� movements. The interaction, says Savage, vividly drove home 鈥渢he incredible risks that migrants face for a chance at something better in the U.S.鈥�
In addition to the field experiences, course faculty gave lectures on a range of interdisciplinary topics, including faith as a resource, the impacts of detention and child separation, and migrants鈥� legal and human rights. To help students process the often intense work, they led discussions and reflective writings. Students also developed knowledge of policies that promote change as well as resiliency-based clinical strategies 鈥渢o put into practice in Boston,鈥� says Loughry.
Savage expects to draw on his experiences in his fall field placement at the , which provides pro bono legal and mental health services to low-income Massachusetts residents, including many Central American refugees and asylum-seekers. 鈥淭he border,鈥� he says, 鈥渋s connected to their histories.鈥�
Volunteering at the Border
In an effort to aid migrants affected by U.S. immigration policy changes, three MSW students in 51茶馆SSW鈥檚 Latinx Leadership Initiative (LLI) volunteered at shelters on the U.S.-Mexico border early in the spring semester.
Taiga Guterres, MSW/MA 鈥�21, who is pursuing a dual degree in social work and theology and ministry, helped run Casa del Migrante en Tijuana, a 150-bed shelter for deportees, migrants, and refugees in Tijuana, where he had worked previously for a year. Living for two weeks alongside men from Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador, as well as Yemen, South Sudan, India, and Eritrea, Guterres prepared meals, assisted with job-hunting, and conducted workshops on human rights and legal issues.
鈥淎s an outsider, I鈥檇 get asked, 鈥榃hat are you doing on this side?鈥欌�� he says. 鈥淚 was there because I care and I wanted to learn and lift up the men鈥檚 experience and reality. Whether someone had been in prison for 20 years or traveling for three months, their stories were a constant reminder of their hope and humanity.鈥�
For several weeks, Valeria Lazo, MSW 鈥�19, and Carolina Velazquez, MSW 鈥�20, volunteered at Centro San Juan Diego, an emergency shelter in El Paso, Texas, that receives up to 80 asylum-seekers a day from U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention facilities. The shelter is run by聽the Catholic organization , which at the time was receiving over 500 guests a day at its three El Paso sites. Their job, they report, was to welcome asylum-seekers and coordinate their travel to sponsors living in other states. They greeted migrants from the ICE buses, handled intake paperwork, assessed medical and travel needs, contacted families and sponsors, and provided meals and clothing.
All the while, says Velazquez, whose specialization is macro/global practice, they were helping 鈥渢o restore dignity鈥濃�攔eplacing children鈥檚 Mylar foil sheets with blankets, or reassuring people that they could use the bathroom without asking for permission. The migrants arrived from 3-to-10 days in detention, she explains, 鈥渨ith a different mindset. They weren鈥檛 ready for other interventions. I wouldn鈥檛 have learned that if I hadn鈥檛 come.鈥�
Lazo, who specialized in clinical/mental health, adds that the LLI鈥檚 focus on asset-based social work, as well as her field placement at a shelter for homeless women, proved relevant for this work. 鈥淚t was very helpful to talk about resilience鈥攈ow much strength the people have to get this far and how much closer they are every day,鈥� she says.